Two distinguishing features are their long, serrated gill rakers that range from 30 to 40 in number, and their lack of a spot on their tail or back. Sockeye can be anywhere from 60 to 84 cm (2 ft 0 in – 2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh from 2.3 to 7 kg (5–15 lb). When they return to spawning grounds, their bodies become red and their heads turn green. Sockeye are blue tinged with silver in color while living in the ocean. The sockeye salmon is sometimes called red or blueback salmon, due to its color. The name "sockeye" is an anglicization of suk-kegh (sθə́qəy̓), its name in Halkomelem, the language of the indigenous people along the lower reaches of the Fraser River (one of British Columbia's many native Coast Salish languages). Nerka is the Russian name for the anadromous form. Oncorhynchus comes from the Greek ὄγκος (onkos) meaning "barb", and ῥύγχος (rhynchos) meaning "snout". The sockeye salmon is the third-most common Pacific salmon species, after pink and chum salmon. Some populations, referred to as kokanee, do not migrate to the ocean and live their entire lives in fresh water. Sockeye salmon are semelparous, dying after they spawn. Their diet consists primarily of zooplankton. Juveniles remain in freshwater until they are ready to migrate to the ocean, over distances of up to 1,600 km (1,000 mi). They can grow up to 84 cm (2 ft 9 in) in length and weigh 2.3 to 7 kg (5–15 lb). This species is a Pacific salmon that is primarily red in hue during spawning. The sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka), also called red salmon, kokanee salmon, blueback salmon, or simply sockeye, is an anadromous species of salmon found in the Northern Pacific Ocean and rivers discharging into it.
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